Abstract: In view of the security risks caused by the track detection model's susceptibility to adversarial attacks and the lack of attack and defense verification on actual track defect data, this ...

Q: I’m trying to decide on which turnout controller to use on my HO scale railroad. I’ve looked at the Tortoise by Circuitron and the Walthers Layout Control System. I like Walthers products, but it ...

Abstract: Conventional model predictive control (MPC) relies on accurate motor parameters and has a poor ability to resist unmodeled disturbance, which greatly limits its performance in complex ...